Protocol - Yale-Brown-Cornell Eating Disorder Scale (YBC-EDS)

Personnel and Training Required

The interviewer must be trained to conduct personal interviews with individuals from the general population. The interviewer must be trained and found to be competent (i.e., tested by an expert) at the completion of personal interviews. The interviewer should be trained to prompt respondents further if a "don’t know" response is provided.

Equipment Needs

The PhenX Working Group acknowledges these questions can be administered in a computerized or noncomputerized format (i.e., paper-and-pencil instrument). Computer software is necessary to develop computer-assisted instruments. The interviewer will require a laptop computer/handheld computer to administer a computer-assisted questionnaire.

Requirements

Requirement Category	Required
Major equipment	No
Specialized training	No
Specialized requirements for biospecimen collection	No
Average time of greater than 15 minutes in an unaffected individual	Yes

Mode of Administration

Interviewer-administered questionnaire

Lifestage

Adolescent, Adult

Participants

Adolescents and adults

Selection Rationale

The Yale-Brown-Cornell Eating Disorder Scale (YBC-EDS) is a widely used, reliable, and valid questionnaire for assessing eating disordered preoccupations and rituals that can contribute to the onset and maintenance of eating disorders.

Language

English

Standards

Standard	Name	ID	Source
caDSR Form	PhenX PX650501 - Yalebrowncornell Eating Disorder Scale Ybceds	6236591	caDSR Form

Derived Variables

None

Process and Review

Not applicable.

Protocol Name from Source

The Yale-Brown-Cornell Eating Disorder Scale (YBC-EDS)

Source

Mazure, C. M., Halmi, K. A., Sunday, S. R., Romano, S. J., & Einhorn, A. M. (1994). The Yale-Brown-Cornell Eating Disorder Scale: Development, use, reliability and validity. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 28, 425-445.

The Yale-Brown-Cornell Eating Disorder Scale (YBC-EDS) is available from Dr. Carolyn M. Mazure:
Carolyn M. Mazure, Ph.D.
Yale School of Medicine
135 College Street
Suite 220
New Haven, CT 06510
USA
carolyn.mazure@yale.edu

General References

Bellace, D.L., et al. (2012). The Yale-Brown-Cornell Eating Disorders Scale Self-Report Questionnaire: A new, efficient tool for clinicians and researchers. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 45, 856-860.

Goodman, W.K., Price, L.H., Rasmussen, S. A., Mazur, C., Fleishmann, R.L., Hill, C.L., Heninger, G.R., & Charney D. S. (1989). The Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: I. Development, use, and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, 1006-1011

Goodman, W.K., Price, L.H., Rasmussen, S.A., Mazure, C., Delgado, P., Heninger, G.R., & Charney, D.S. (I989). The Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: Il. Validity. Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, 1012-1016.

Protocol ID

650501

Variables

Export Variables

Variable Name	Variable ID	Variable Description	dbGaP Mapping
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_AvoidanceSub
	PX650501860102	[If yes, ask:] How much do you avoid? (Rate more degree to which patient deliberately tries to avoid things. Consider the frequency of occurrence of situations to be avoided; i.e. if circumstance is infrequent but always avoided, she would score a 1 not a show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Avoidance_WorstSub
	PX650501860202	[If yes, ask:] How much do you avoid? (Rate more degree to which patient deliberately tries to avoid things. Consider the frequency of occurrence of situations to be avoided; i.e. if circumstance is infrequent but always avoided, she would score a 1 not a show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_BingeingRituals_Certain_Type
	PX650501430000	Check all that apply: Need to eat only a more certain type(s) of food show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Change_RitualsSub
	PX650501850102	[If the answer is yes, ask:] How much effort more would you expend to make such changes? show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Change_Rituals_WorstSub
	PX650501850202	[If the answer is yes, ask:] How much effort more would you expend to make such changes? show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_ClothingPreoccupations_Excessive_Concern
	PX650501170000	Check all that apply: Excessive concern with more size of clothing, e.g. would not buy clothing that was not a size 3 even if it fit and looked good show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_ClothingPreoccupations_Tight_Clothing
	PX650501190000	Check all that apply: Fear of wearing either more tight or loose fitting clothing show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_ControlOver_PreoccupationsWorst
	PX650501740200	How much control do you have over your more preoccupations? How successful are you in stopping or diverting your preoccupations? Can you dismiss them? [In contrast to he preceding item on resistance, the ability of the patient to control her/his preoccupa show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Control_Rituals_Worst
	PX650501830200	Row strong is the drive to perform the more rituals? [Pause] How much control do you have over the rituals? [In contrast to the preceding item on resistance, the ability of the patient to control her/his need to perform the ritual(s) is more closely relat show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Desire_ToChangeSub
	PX650501760102	[If the answer is yes :] How much effort more would you expend to make such changes? show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Desire_ToChange_WorstSub
	PX650501760302	[If the answer is yes :] How much effort more would you expend to make such changes? show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_DistressAssociated_Preoccupations_Worst
	PX650501710200	How much distress do your preoccupations more cause you? [In most cases, distress is equated with anxiety- however, patients may report that their preoccupations are 'disturbing but deny 'anxiety.' Only rate anxiety that seems triggered by preoccupations, show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Distress_RitualsSub
	PX650501800102	In most, but not all cases, performing more rituals reduces anxiety. If in the judgment of the interviewer , anxiety is actually reduced by preventing rituals , then ask:]How anxious do you get while performing rituals until you are satisfied they are com show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Distress_Rituals_WorstSub
	PX650501800202	In most, but not all cases, performing more rituals reduces anxiety. If in the judgment of the interviewer , anxiety is actually reduced by preventing rituals , then ask:]How anxious do you get while performing rituals until you are satisfied they are com show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_EatingPreoccupations_Eating_AllFood
	PX650501070000	Check all that apply: Fear of eating all of more the food that is on a plate of food show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_EatingPreoccupations_NotConsuming_Fluids
	PX650501090000	Check all that apply: Fear of not being able more to consume fluids show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_EatingPreoccupations_Unable_ToStop
	PX650501110000	Check all that apply: Fear of being unable more to stop eating show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_EatingRituals_Avoid_Types
	PX650501270000	Check all that apply: Need to avoid certain more types of foods, e.g. fats, meats show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_EatingRituals_ConsumeOrder_Fluids
	PX650501290000	Check all that apply: Need to consume fluids more in a certain way or amount, e.g. need to drink 2 glasses of water before eating any meal show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_EatingRituals_Cut_Size
	PX650501250000	Check all that apply: Need to cut each piece more of food into a specific size show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_EatingRituals_Fill_Partially
	PX650501330000	Check all that apply: Need to fill glass or more plate only partially, cannot fill glass or plate fully show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_EatingRituals_Leave_Food
	PX650501310000	Check all that apply: Need to leave food on more the plate when done eating, cannot consume all food on plate show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_EatingRituals_Napkin_Number
	PX650501350000	Check all that apply: Need to wipe mouth more with napkin a fixed number of times after each bite of food show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_EatingRituals_NoBody_Touch
	PX650501370000	Check all that apply: No part of the body more can touch the table or plate show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_EatingRituals_Specific_Rate
	PX650501230000	Check all that apply: Need to consume food more at a specific rate, e.g. can take a bite only every 2 minutes show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Ego_DystonicSyntonic_Worst
	PX650501810200	Are your rituals consistent with how you see more yourself? [Probe: acceptance, internal/alien, etc.] show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Ego_DystonicSystonicWorst
	PX650501720200	Are these preoccupations consistent with the more way you see yourself? [Probe: acceptance, alien, etc.] show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_ExcessiveListmaking_Lists_BodyWeight
	PX650501650000	Check all that apply: Lists of body weight	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_ExcessiveListmaking_Other
	PX650501670000	Check all that apply: Other	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_ExerciseRituals_Moving_AllTimes
	PX650501610000	Check all that apply: Need to be moving at more all times, cannot sit still, paces, fidgets show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_ExerciseRituals_Specific_WayTime
	PX650501590000	Check all that apply: Need to exercise in a more specific way and/or at a specific time, e.g. can only do sit-ups at 7 AM and run at 4 PM show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Exercise_Preoccupations
	PX650501210000	Check all that apply: Exercise preoccupations	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_FoodPreoccupations_Body_Changes
	PX650501050000	Check all that apply: Fears that eating a more certain type of food will lead to immediate body changes, e.g. eating fat will deposit fat to hips show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_FoodPreoccupations_Caloric_Content
	PX650501030000	Check all that apply: Thinks excessively more about the caloric content of food show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_FoodPreoccupations_Categorize_Food
	PX650501010000	Check all that apply: Categorizes all food more into good or bad show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_FoodRituals_Compute_Calories
	PX650501390000	Check all that apply: Need to compute more caloric content of all foods eaten show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_FoodRituals_Cook_ForOthers
	PX650501410000	Check all that apply: Need to cook for others	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_HoardingRituals_Ritualized_Way
	PX650501630000	Check all that apply: Hoarding food in a more ritualized way. show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Insight_Preoccupations_Worst
	PX650501750200	Do you think that your preoccupations are more reasonable or make sense? [Rate patient's insight into the senselessness or excessiveness of her/his preoccupation(s) as compared with normal people.] show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Insight_Rituals_Worst
	PX650501840200	Do you think that your rituals are more reasonable or make sense? Rate patient's insight into the senselessness or excessiveness of her/his rituals as compared with normal people.] show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Interference_DueToPreoccupationsSub
	PX650501700102	[If currently not working or going to more school, determine how much performance would be affected if patient were employed or attending school.] show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Interference_DueToPreoccupations_WorstSub
	PX650501700202	[If currently not working or going to more school, determine how much performance would be affected if patient were employed or attending school.] show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Interference_RitualsWorst
	PX650501790200	How much do your rituals interfere with your more social or work (or school or role) functioning? Is there anything that you don't do because of them? show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_PreoccupationFree_IntervalSub
	PX650501690102	[If necessary, ask:] What is the longest more block of time in which preoccupations are absent? [If 0 or 1 ask if absent during meal times]. show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_PreoccupationFree_Interval_WorstSub
	PX650501690202	[If necessary, ask:] What is the longest more block of time in which preoccupations are absent? [If 0 or 1 ask if absent during meal times]. show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_PurgeingRituals_Specific_Place
	PX650501490000	Check all that apply: Need to purge in a more specific place show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_PurgeingRituals_Specific_Time
	PX650501470000	Check all that apply: Need to purge a more specific amount of time after eating show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_PurgeingRituals_Specific_Way
	PX650501450000	Check all that apply: Need to purge in a more specific way or position, e.g. must use 2 fingers show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_ResistanceAgainst_Preoccupations_Worst
	PX650501730200	How much of an effort do you make to resist more the preoccupations? How often do you try to disregard or turn your attention away from these thoughts as they enter your mind? [Only rate effort made to resist, not success or failure in actually controllin show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_Resistance_Rituals_Worst
	PX650501820200	How much of an effort do you make to resist more performing the rituals? [Only rate effort made to resist, not success or failure in actually controlling the rituals. Note that tl1is item does not directly measure the severity of the rituals; rather it ra show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_RitualFree_IntervalSub
	PX650501780102	[If necessary , ask:] What is the longest more block of time in which rituals are absent? show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_RitualFree_Interval_WorstSub
	PX650501780202	[If necessary , ask:] What is the longest more block of time in which rituals are absent? show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_ShapePreoccupations_Excessive_Concern
	PX650501150000	Check all that apply: Excessive concern with more a specific body part or aspect of appearance show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_SomaticRituals_Overdress_Sweating
	PX650501550000	Check all that apply: Need to overdress to more force sweating show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_SomaticRituals_See_SpecificBone
	PX650501530000	Check all that apply: Need to see a specific more bone, e.g. wrist show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_SomaticRituals_Thin_Wrists
	PX650501510000	Check all that apply: Need to continually more check that wrist can be spanned with fingers show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_TimeOccupied_ByPreoccupationsSub
	PX650501680102	[When preoccupations occur as brief, more intermittent intrusions, it may be difficult to assess time occupied by them in terms of total hours. In such cases, estimate time by determining how frequently they occur. Consider both the number of times the in show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_TimeOccupied_ByPreoccupations_WorstSub
	PX650501680202	[When preoccupations occur as brief, more intermittent intrusions, it may be difficult to assess time occupied by them in terms of total hours. In such cases, estimate time by determining how frequently they occur. Consider both the number of times the in show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_TimeSpent_PerformingRitualsSub
	PX650501770102	[When rituals involving activities of daily more living are chiefly present, ask:] How much longer than most people does it take complete routine activities because of your rituals? show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_TimeSpent_PerformingRituals_Worst
	PX650501770201	How much of your time is spent performing more the rituals? show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_TimeSpent_PerformingRituals_WorstSub2
	PX650501770203	[When rituals occur as brief, intermittent more behaviors, it may be difficult to assess time spent performing them in terms of total hours. Consider both the number of times the rituals occur and how many hours of the day are affected. Count separate occ show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_WeightPreoccupations_Fear_BeingFat
	PX650501130000	Check all that apply: Fear of being fat or more overweight show less	N/A
PX650501_OCD_EatingTraits_WeightRituals_Ritualized_Weighing
	PX650501570000	Check all that apply: Need to weigh oneself more only in ritualize ways, e.g. nude, at 8 AM, after meals or defecating show less	N/A

Eating Disorders

Measure Name

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Eating Related Traits

Release Date

August 7, 2015

Definition

A questionnaire to assess the severity and type of symptoms observed to be present in persons with eating disorders.

Purpose

This measure is used to identify eating disorder symptoms specific to a given person and to assess the severity of those symptoms independent of the content of the symptom experienced or exhibited.

Keywords

Eating disorders, obsessive compulsive disorders, OCD, rituals, preoccupations, binging, food preoccupation, weight preoccupation, shape preoccupation, clothing preoccupation, exercise preoccupation, eating rituals, food rituals, purging rituals, somatic rituals, weight rituals, exercise rituals, hoarding rituals, proprietary

Measure Protocols

Protocol ID	Protocol Name
650501	Yale-Brown-Cornell Eating Disorder Scale (YBC-EDS)